Last year the Bank of Canada (BoC) ran a university competition, the Model X Challenge, to design a hypothetical central bank digital currency (CBDC), or “digital loonie” in Canadian parlance. Today the top three Universities published their proposals.
All three approaches suggest an account-based solution, although two of them additionally advocate for a tokenized layer.
Below is a very high-level summary of papers that were each around 50 plus pages in length.
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